KERML_ — Nary association end multiplicity, semantics

Clauses 7.4.5 (Associations) and 8.4.4.5.1 (Associations) say

if an association end has a multiplicity specified other than 1..1, then this is interpreted as follows: For each association end, the multiplicity, ordering and uniqueness constraints specified for that end apply to each set of instance of the association that have the same (single) values for each of the other ends. For a binary association, this corresponds to the multiplicity resulting from "navigating" across the association given a value at one end of the association to the other end of the association.

If an associationEnd has a declared multiplicity other than 1..1, then this shall be interpreted as follows: For an Association with N associationEnds, consider the i-th associationEnd ei. The multiplicity, ordering and uniqueness constraints specified for ei apply to each set of instances of the Association that have the same (singleton) values for each of the N-1 associationEnds other than ei.

but this semantics is not math/modeled. In addition, the text above

• does not seem to consider instances of associated classes that do not participate in any links, because only refers to instances of links. In the Product Selection example, the cart in red on the bottom left of the first slide violates the linkedProduct "end" multiplicity 1..*, but the text above would not detect it because it does not participate in any link.
• Applies multiplicity, ordering and uniqueness to links (last sentence), which don't have these characteristics, rather than a feature with the values of ei from all the links.